Road station
In summo Pennino
Col du Grand-St-Bernard (Barrington) · Le Plan de Joux (Miller)
In Summo Pennino, On the Top of the Pennine, marks the pass of the Great Saint Bernard, a high Alpine crossing already used in the New Stone Age and the Iron Age. It was the shortest way from Italy to northern Gaul and to the legions on the Rhine. Caesar's attempt to secure it in 57 BC ended in failure; only under Augustus, after Aosta and Martigny had been fortified, did the pass come firmly under Roman control. The Roman historian Livy already knew the summit by this name.