River
Caput [Hyp]anis Paludis
Bug
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Caput Hypanis Paludis marks the source of the Hypanis, the river now called the Bug in Ukraine, rising from a marsh or lake. Part of the label has faded, and the missing letters are restored as Hyp, a reading the older copies support. The map writes it beside the eastern arm of a river that runs first into a lake and then into the northern Ocean, although the real Bug reaches the Black Sea together with the Dnieper. The entry probably goes back to the Greek historian Herodotus, who said the Hypanis rose from a lake, while the geographer Strabo admitted that its source had never been found.